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<H1><CENTER>Sick of Mars? Try Saturn</CENTER></H1>
<H4><CENTER>Saturn is fast becoming an eye-catching sight in
the morning sky. Jupiter's not bad either.</CENTER></H4>
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<P><B>September 17, 2003</B>: It's the brightest thing in the
night sky. It's historically close to Earth. It's a wonder to
behold through a telescope. It's ... Mars.</P>
<P>If you've been listening to the news for the past two months
you've undoubtedly heard a lot about Mars. Mars. Mars. Mars.
And just maybe, you're getting sick of Mars. Good news: There
are eight other planets in the solar system. And this week you
can see the two biggest ones.</P>
<P>First, try Saturn.</P>
<P><A HREF="images/trysaturn/Wayman2.jpg"><IMG SRC="images/trysaturn/Wayman1.jpg"
WIDTH="198" HEIGHT="166" ALIGN="RIGHT" BORDER="1" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"
ALT="see caption"></A>You'll have to wake up early to do it,
about 5 o'clock in the morning, but that's not much earlier than
usual on a school day. Look high in the eastern sky. Saturn sits
in the middle of the constellation Gemini. The planet is about
three and a half times brighter than Castor and Pollux, Gemini's
brightest stars, so it's easy to pick out.</P>
<P>When observing Saturn, a telescope is recommended. Not because
Saturn is dim. It's because you'll want to see the planet's magnificent
rings. They're almost twice as wide as Mars, an easy target for
small telescopes.</P>
<P><B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Above:</FONT></B><FONT SIZE="-1"
FACE="Arial"> On Sept. 13th, amateur astronomer <A HREF="mailto:1rondjeff@verizon.net">Ron
Wayman</A> of Tampa, Florida, took this picture of Saturn using
his 8" telescope and a digital camera.</FONT></P>
<P>While you're looking at Saturn's rings, consider this: they're
a mystery. Astronomers aren't sure where they came from or how
old they are. Some evidence suggests they formed only a few hundred
million years ago--a time when dinosaurs roamed the Earth. Before
then Saturn might have been a ring-less planet. You can find
out more by reading Science@NASA's "<A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/12feb_rings
>.htm">The
Real Lord of the Rings</A>."</P>
<P>Next, look for Jupiter.</P>
<P>From Saturn, trace an imaginary line down toward the horizon.
That leads you to Jupiter--a bright "star" shining
through the rosy glow of sunrise. Jupiter has spent the past
two months hiding behind the sun, but now it's emerging from
the glare.</P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="images/trysaturn/skymap_north_5am.gif"
WIDTH="570" HEIGHT="463" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="1" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"
ALT="see caption"></CENTER></P>
<P><B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Above:</FONT></B><FONT SIZE="-1"
FACE="Arial"> Looking east-southeast just before dawn on Saturday
morning, Sept. 20th. Saturn and the fat crescent moon will be
pleasingly close together in the constellation Gemini.</FONT></P>
<P>Jupiter is five times brighter than Saturn--really eye-catching.
Jupiter's cloud belts are easy to see through a telescope, as
are its four largest moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
Together they look like a miniature solar system.</P>
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</TABLE>Jupiter will be in the news this week because NASA plans
to crash a spacecraft into the planet on Sept. 21st. The Galileo
probe has been orbiting and studying Jupiter since December 1995.
The craft has had some amazing adventures--dipping into volcanic
plumes on Io, flying through Jupiter's dark rings and radiation
belts. But now its thrusters are nearly exhausted, and while
ground controllers still have some control they're going to send
Galileo plunging into Jupiter where it will burn up like a meteor.</P>
<P>The move is designed to protect possible life on Jupiter's
moon Europa from terrestrial contamination. If Galileo is reduced
to atoms in Jupiter's atmosphere, it will never accidentally
crash-land on Europa. No one on Earth will be able to see the
impact, but it's something to think about while you're watching
the giant planet this week.</P>
<P>If you don't feel like waking up at 5 a.m. to see Saturn and
Jupiter, there's always Mars. It really is bright and wonderful--a
joy to behold through a telescope. And you can behold it before
bedtime. Convenient.</P>
<P>Just remember... it's not the only planet in the solar system.</P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/programs/mail/sendfriend.asp"><B><
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<B><FONT FACE="Arial">Credits & Contacts<BR>
</FONT></B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Author: <A HREF="mailto:phillips@spacescien
>ces.com">Dr.
Tony Phillips</A> <BR>
Responsible NASA official: <A HREF="mailto:ron.koczor@msfc.nasa.gov">Ron
Koczor</A></FONT></TD>
<TD WIDTH="272" BGCOLOR="#ffeedd">
<FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Production Editor: <A HREF="mailto:phillips@spacesciences.com">
>Dr.
Tony Phillips</A> <BR>
Curator: <A HREF="mailto:sng.curator@msfc.nasa.gov">Bryan Walls</A>
<BR>
Media Relations: <A HREF="mailto:steve.roy@msfc.nasa.gov">Steve
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<I><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">The Science Directorate at NASA's
Marshall Space Flight Center sponsors the Science@NASA web sites.
The mission of Science@NASA is to help the public understand
how exciting NASA research is and to help NASA scientists fulfill
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<P><CENTER><B>more information</B></CENTER></TD>
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<P><B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial"><A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003
>/08sep_goaway.htm">The
Planet that Won't Go Away</A></FONT></B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">
-- (Science@NASA) Mars' <A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003/25aug_closeencounter.htm">
>;closest
approach</A> to Earth was on August 27, 2003--but the red planet
is even easier to see now.</FONT></P>
<P><B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Going to Saturn:</FONT></B><FONT
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial"> NASA and the European Space Agency are
sending a spacecraft to Saturn now. Named <B><A HREF="http://saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/index.cfm">
>Cassini-Huygens</A></B>,
it will reach the ringed planet in July 2004 and go into orbit.
In addition to Saturn's rings, Cassini will study the planet's
weather, its moons (all 31 of them) and its magnetic field.</FONT></P>
<P><A HREF="http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov/"><B><FONT SIZE="-1"
FACE="Arial">Galileo Mission Home Page</FONT></B></A><FONT SIZE="-1"
FACE="Arial"> -- (JPL) Following eight years of capturing dramatic
images and surprising science from Jupiter and its moons, NASA's
Galileo mission draws to a close September 21 with a plunge into
Jupiter's atmosphere.</FONT></P>
<P><B><FONT SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">A few of Galileo's Adventures:</FONT></B&g
>t;<FONT
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial"> <A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2001/ast16oct_1.htm">Dashi
>ng
through the Snow on Io</A> (Science@NASA); <A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/08n
>ov_gossamer.htm">Dark
Rings</A> (Science@NASA); <A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/ast04oct99_1.htm"&
>gt;Alien
Volcanoes</A> (Science@NASA)</FONT></P>
<P><A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/12feb_rings.htm"><B><FONT
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">The Real Lord of the Rings</FONT></B></A><FONT
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial"> -- (Science@NASA) Four hundred years
after they were discovered, Saturn's breath-taking rings remain
a mystery.</FONT></P>
<P><A HREF="http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003/02jul_harrypotter.htm"><B><FONT
>
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial">Harry Potter and the Moons of Jupiter</FONT></B></A><FON
>T
SIZE="-1" FACE="Arial"> -- (Science@NASA)</FONT> <FONT SIZE="-1"
FACE="Arial">Blistering-hot volcanoes that belch snow. Moons
bigger than planets. Icy worlds with vast underground oceans.
All of these things can be found in the latest Harry Potter novel.
And according to NASA space probes, they're all real.</FONT></TD>
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